Research

These terms are commonly used in research related publications and amongst researchers.

These terms may also apply to the General Terms and Medical Terms definition list.

ALS Research and ALS Researcher Terms

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death that may occur in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes and death. These changes include cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, blebbing, nuclear fragmentation, and chromosomal DNA fragmentation.

neuronal receptors

Neurons use chemical signaling mechanisms to communicate with one another. These impulses are transmitted at specialized junctions called synapses. The sending or signaling neuron triggers the release of neurotransmitters (or chemicals) into the synaptic cleft. From there the transmitters bind to receptors on the post synaptic or receiving neuronal cell.

Lewy body

A pink-staining sphere, found in the bodies of dying cells and thought to be a marker for Parkinson's disease.

bioassay

Determination of the potency or concentration of a compound by its effect upon animals, isolated tissues, or microorganisms, as compared with an analysis of its chemical or physical properties.

free radicals

Chemicals that are highly reactive and can oxidize other molecules (i.e. Superoxide).

functional genomics

Functional genomics is the area of genetics that focuses on determining the function of genetic information present in a cell or its “genome function".

interleukin-3

Small proteins released by cells that play a role in bone marrow cell proliferation and differentiation.

Astrocytes

Astrocytes, also known collectively as astroglia, are characteristic star-shaped glial cells in the brain and spinal cord.

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