Home health is a major deficiency in ALS care. Scheduled visits typically last 15-30 minutes (if not shorter--we've seen visits that last 5 minutes), and you *cannot* have home health come on the same day as admission or discharge from a hospital (Medicare will not pay for both hospital and HH on the same day).
Insurance, even if you have long-term care, is difficult. There is typically a 6-month waiting period during which you must pay every dime, and even after 6 months, good luck getting the coverage processed.
Medicare will not pay for shifts at all. You might be able to get help with Medicaid, if your state allows for it. The services vary depending on the state.
Hospice will help *if* the PALS signs a DNR. Without a "do not resuscitate" order, most hospice companies will not admit the patient. The reason for this is that hospice is for "end stage" care, not for people who want every effort to be made to prolong life. The employees who work shifts for hospice are not typically skilled in medical care, which is one way to keep costs down.
If you are dealing with a feeding tube, etc., you need a nurse, which is ridiculously expensive. Only nurses are allowed to administer medications. CNA's may "remind" a patient to take a medication, but they can't administer.
I am stunned that a nursing home would demand that a patient *still* hire a private nurse. Medicare pays for nursing home care, but if you are going to hire a private duty nurse, maybe you should consider care in the home, instead of in a nursing home that is refusing to provide actual care.