I read both the original and the newly published re-analysis of the CENTAUR trial. The original report published in the New England Journal of Medicine showed a prolonged survival of about 6 months with TUDCA/sodium phenylbutyrate. This new paper uses a different statistical analytic method to account for expanded access and shows that the "real world" survival advantage is about 8 months. It's a bit of hocus pocus, but the conclusion is intuitive, as many drugs have increased effect with prolonged duration.
I'm the husband of an ALS patient. We had to stop TUDCA/SPB (which we purchased at a compounding pharmacy for $500 a month) to enroll in a clinical trial. After looking at these two papers, I think when the trial is done we will go back on the TUDCA/SPB because it has a track record. If or hopefully when the FDA approves the combination, then it will be allowed in trials and not have to be stopped.